Drilling mechanism



H. H. MERCER 1,731,471

DRILLING MEQHANISM Filed May 25, 1921 5 SheetsSheet 1 Oct. 15,

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Patented Oct. 15, 1929 nan-En STATES PATENT OFFEQE HENRY II. MERCER, F CLAREMONT, NEW HAIiEPSI-IIRE, ASSIGNOR T0 SULLIVAN" MACHINERY COMPAITY, A CGEFOBATIGN 6F MASSACHUSETTS DRILLING MECHANISM Application filed May 25, 1921.

My invention relates to drilling mechanism.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved, preferably portable and self-contained, drilling mechanism of the type adapted for the putting down of holes of moderate length, but of relatively large diameter, in friable material. Further objects of my invention are to provide an improved drilling 1 mechanismv operative to automatically provide its own supply of hole-cleansing fluid, to provide an improved feeding mechanism for drilling devices, and to provide an improved means for causing reciprocation of the drilling implement, said improved mechanism being adapted to operate a reciprocating mass of relatively great weight. Other objects of my invention will hereinafter appear.

in the accompanying drawings, I have shown for purposes of illustration one form which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,- Fig. 1 is a view taken partially in section and partially in elevation of the illustrative mechanism taken substantially on line 1-1. of 3.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on a horizontal plane, on line 22 of Figs. 1 and 6.

F 3 is a plan view of the mechanism partially broken away to facilitate illustration. Fig. 41- is a section on line llof Fig. 3, showing a well-known form of control clutch. Fig. 5 is a view taken on line 55 of Fig.

3, parts being in section and in elevation.

F 6 is a section approximately on line 66 of Fig. 1., looking backward. with parts broken away and with parts in elevation.

Fig. 7 is a view in elevation and section on line 77 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section on line 88 of Fig. 6.

9 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a portion of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section taken on line 10 10 of Fig. 8 with parts broken away to facilitate illustration.

Fi 11 is a horizontal section on line 1111 of Fig. 8.

The mechanism shown herein comprises a Serial No. 472,546.

portable base 1 generally triangular in form and comprising angnlarly disposed side members 2 and 3, formed by channel irons set on edge and connected by suitable means at their ends. Between. the members 2 and 3 are parallel. channels 4 and 5 parallel to the side member 4. and m airing an angle with the side member 3. Each of the channel members 2, 3, l, and 5 is mounted upon a drop or U-shapcd axle member 6 suspended between wheels 7, 7, which are used as a support and to facilitate transportation, wheels 8, 8 on a suitable axle 9 are mounted to pivot together about a vertical axis at the front end of the frame member 1.

Upon the frame 1 and between-the channels 2 and 41 is any well known internal combustion engine 11, the engine herein. being of multi-cylinder type and provided with fuel from a tank 12. A radiator 13 cools the circulating water. Power is taken from the engine crank shaft through the shaft 15 which is provided with somefreedom of movement by suitable means (not shown), as a nnivrsal joint of the propeller shaft type, or internal p and external gears. This shaft extends through bearings 16, 17, mounted on castings 18 and 19, respectively, which castings extend between the frame member 2 and a supplemental frame member 20 bolted to the member 1. Rotatable upon shaft 15 are beveled pinions 21 and 22 meshing with a larger beveled pinion 23 and having their connection to the shaft controlled by a well known clutch mechanism 241 having a shifting lever 25. As shown in Fig. 41, the clutch comprises friction bands 26 disposed within sleeves 27 to which the pinions 21 and 22 are rigidly keyed, the bands being adapted to be spread by levers 28 whose ends are forced apart by a wedge 29 movable by a sliding collar 30, in turn shifted by the manual lever 25; it being clear that as the wedge 29 is forced between the levers 28 the band 26 is 95 forced into tight engagement with one or the other of the sleeves 27 and causes its pinion to be picked up by the shaft since the wedge 29 is slidably keyed to a member 31 keyed to the shaft 15 and to which the friction members 26 are secured. Beveled pinion 23 is mounted upon a transverse shaft 33 journaled on the frame members 4 and 5, at its opposite end provided with a small spur pinion 34 meshing with a large spur gear 35 keyed to the drum shaft 36. A stationary brake band 37 surrounds a drum 38 rigidly secured to the gear 35 and manual means 39 are provided for causin the band 37 to frictionally retard or entirely stop the rotation of the spur gear and so of the drum hereafter described. The drum shaft 36 is journaled in suitable bearings 40, 41 upon frame members 5, 4, respectively, and a drum 42 is mounted rigidly upon shaft 36. This drum has its opposite ends cables 43, 44 wound thereon in opposite directions, and cooperatto raise and lower the drilling mechanism, later described, and hold it in rigid relation in any adjusted position.

Between and upon the back ends of frame members 4, 5 is mounted a standard or tower composed of channel irons 45, 45 having their flanges directed towards each other. The top of the standard is a casting 46 connecting the channel irons and providing a mounting for a transverse shaft 47, square in cross section for a considerable portion of its length and at the side adjacent the front end of the machine provided with a journal for a pulley wheel 48 mounted with its plane vertical and extending transversely of the machine. Likewise mounted in the casting 46 are a pair of short shafts 49 and 50 and thereon are rotatably mounted pulleys 51, 52, respectively. The shafts 49, 50 are journaled at their adjacent ends in member 47 and at their opposite ends in suitable journals 54, 53 on casting 46. At the lower end of the frame members 45, 45 is disposed a transverse plate member 56 carrying a stub shaft 57, and journaled upon the stub shaft is a pulley 58 lying in substantially the plane of the pulley 48. On side members 45, 45 are stub shafts 59, 60 and journaled thereon are pulleys 61, 62, in substantially the planes with the pulleys 52, 51, respectively. Mounted upon member 3 of frame 1 is a casting 64 upon which is adjustably disposed a casting 65 provided with a stub shaft 66 upon which is journaled a pulley 67, bolt tightening means of well-known construction being provided at 68 to shift casting 65 as hereafter described. Slidable between the channels 45, 45 is a framework A comprising a pair of end castings 69, 70 connected by side rods 71. The upper casting, shown in Figs. 2 and 6, comprises a mounting for stub shafts 72, 7 3 at opposite sides thereof upon which are mounted pulleys 74, 75, respectively. Likewise mounted in upper casting 69 is a transverse crank shaft 7 6 journaled in suitable bearings 77 and provided with a driving pulley 78 later described. A crank pin 7 9 serves to transmit reciprocatory motion from crank shaft 7 G, as later pointed out. The lower frame casting 7 O is provided with stub shafts 81, 82 upon which are respectively journaled the pulleys 83, 84 and adjacent the middle of this casting is provided a ratchet mechanism 85, later explained. It will be noted that stub shafts 72, 73, 81, 82, are at a slight angle to the planes of the bottoms or backs of the channel irons and that by reason thereof and the sizes of the pulleys the grooved peripheries of the pulleys 7 4, 75, 83, 84 are so arranged that the lines tan them at opposite sides are also tangent to the pulleys 51, 48; 52, 48; 62, 58; and 61, 58, respectively.

The mode of operation of the raising and lowering meehanisnii just escribed will next be given. It will be noted that ropes 43, 44, are wound on drum 42, these being of the woven wire type, and of great strength. Cable 43 is attached at one end to the drum and its free end passes from the drum upwardly over pulley 51, downwardly about pulley 74, back over transverse pulley 48, downwardly again over pulley 75, back over the other upper pulley 52, and downwardly to a fixed point 88, upon upper casting 69. it will be evident that rotation of the drum in a counter-clockwise direction (viewed from the side adjacent the observer Fig. 1) will cause the sliding frame between the sidemembers 45, 45 to be raised at a relatively slow rate, the multiplicity of.pulleys producing the effect of a compound block and enabling a very powerful frame hoisting action.

Cable 44 is lixed at one on d to the other side of drum 42 and is wound in an opposite direction to cable 43 thereon. The free end of this cable passes off toward the front of the frame and about pulley 57, adjustably mounted upon side member 3 of main frame 1. the cablepasses backward about pulley 61 up over pulley 84 upon lower casting 70 of the sliding frame, down ard over stationary pulley 58, back over the other pulley 83 upon the frame, downwardly over pulley 62 opposite pulley 61, and back to a fixed point 88 upon the lower side of casting 70. Thus, rotation of drum 42 in the same direction as previously described will cause unwinding of the cable therefrom and as the rate of unwinding is the same as the rate at which cable 43 is wound up, and as the lower pulley mechanism contains the same number of elements as that at the upper end of the frame, the sliding frame will be allowed to move upwardly and cable 44 will be slacked oil at the same rate as cable 43 is reeledin. 'irfter tight ening mechanism 66 has been operated to remove all slack from the cables the sliding frame [1, comprising castings 69, 7 O and the connecting rods 1, may be held rigidly by cables under tension in any position which may be desired by means of brake 37 and by shifting the clutch mechanism, previously deent to From there scribed, and releasing the brake, drum 42 may be rotated in either direction and thefparts accordingly raised or lowered. When the desired position has been obtained, brake band 37 may be tightened and the parts held stationary or when Continuous gradual downward feed is desired, the friction clutch mechanism may be allowedto slip, while maintained in a position for downward feed of the sliding frame.

The driving mechanism for the drilling means proper is driven from crank shaft 76. At the top of the standard and on a continuation of shaft member 47 is rotatably mounted a large pulley 86. Upon a suitable supporting member 87 secured to sliding frame A is provided a stub shaft 87 upon which a second pulley 89 is jonrnaled. A single plane may be passed through the pulleys 86, 78, 89 perpendicular to the axes of these pulleys. Mounted upon a continuation of shaft 15 an in front of journal 17 is a driving pulley 90 and laterally spaced therefrom is a belt tightener mounting 91, pivotable about a shaft 92 parallel to shaft 15. Upon this mounting is a belt tightening pulley 93 on a stub shaft 94 on member 91, and upon an arm 95 at an angle to the arm supporting pulley 93, is carried a suitable locking means 96 adapted to cooperate with an arcuately slotted member 97 to lock the tightener pulley in any adjusted position. In order to readily swing the belt tightener about shaft 92, a manually operable lever 98 is attached substantially in alinement with arm 95. A continuous belt 99 passes about pulleys 90, 86, 89, 78 in such a manner that pulleys 86, 89, 90 are within belt 99 and pulley 78 is outside. Thus, since pulleys 78, 89 are movable simultaneously as the frame upon which they are carried is moved upward and downward along the standard, the belt will at all times be maintained tight. Also when pulley 93 is moved to the right in Fig. 5, the belt will be driven and accordingly pulley 78 will be rotated and will rotate crank shaft 76 while when pulley'93 is moved to the left, Fig. 5, driving of the crank shaft will be discontinued.

The drilling mechanism proper comprises a positively reciprocated cylinder indicated by 100 andconnected by spaced members or hangers 101 to the opposite ends of a wrist pin 102. Adjacent the middle of wrist pin 102 a connecting rod 103 is pivoted, which con necting rod at its other end is pivoted upon crank pin 79 of crank shaft 76. Intermediate between the sides of the lower end of connecting rod 103 and members 101 is pivotally mounted a cross head 104, the latter having a member 105 thereon which serves to mount it'upon wrist pin 102. The cylinder member comprises an inner cylindrical member or shell 106, an outer spaced cylindrical member or shell 107, a lower head 108, an inner upper head 109, and an outer upper head 110. Members 106 and 107 are clamped between lower head 108 and upper heads 109 and 110 respectively, and are held togetherv by tie bolts 111 lying between the two cylinder shells and provided with nuts 112 at their opposit-e ends. The lateral portion of inner head 109 serves to fill the space between the upper end of cylinder member 106 and head 110. Head 109 is formed adjacent its periphery with a number of. rip-standing, generally arcuate polygonal members, 118 spaced apart by passages 114, and traversed by vertical passages 115. These polygonal projections or members are faced off at their upper sides to make a tight fit with the lower surface of head 110, which is traversed by similar ports 115, and the annular rim of head 109 in which they terminate is faced off upon its lower surface to provide a valve seating surface for a plurality of valves 116 controlling passages 115 and of the ordinary finger type. The valves are each fixed at one end by means of a bolt 117 and a nut 118 engaging the top of head 110, so that they lie over and normally close passages 115, the valves being so mounted as to allow air to pass into the interior of the cylinder proper. Cylinder member 106 is traversed by two annular series of holes 120, 121, these holes being controlled by valves 122 secured to the outer periphery of cylinder member 106 by screws 123 and backed or reinforced by suitable shorter spring plates 124. The Valves are herein parallel to elements of the cylinder surface. These valves will open outwardly and be operative to permit the discharge of pressure fluid from the interior of the cylinder to the space between. cylinder members 106, 107 while preventing the flow of air into the inner cylinder member. Air forced through openings 120 and 121 pastvalves 122 flows into the passage between members 106, 107 and through passages 114 into the chamber formed between the inner and outer upper heads of cylinder 100. Lower head 108 of cylinder 100 is provided with a series of annularly disposed ports 125, similar to ports 115 and controlled upon the inside of head 108 by finger valves 126 secured at one end to the cylinder by bolts and nuts 127 and reinforced by backing springs 128. It will be understood that if desired, the valves 116 may likewise be reinforced by suitable backing springs.

Within the cylinder member 106 is a piston 130 provided with suitable packing rings 181 about its periphery and attached to a hollow piston rod 132. The piston is adapted to be reciprocated by reason of the action of the air upon its opposite sides, caused by the positive reciprocation of cylinder 100, and it will be noted that upon each stroke of the cylinder in either direction air will be admitted either 7 through valves 116, 126 above or below piston 130, and that this air will be forced in part through ports 120, 121 and by way of the chamber between the cylinder shells 106, 107 through ports 11 1 into the hollow interior of the double upper cylinder head. If suitable means were not provided for the escape of fluid from this chamber a very high pressure would speedily be built up therein. 1 make use of this pumping action to supply fluid through hollow piston rod 132 to a drill 133 later described. Rod 132 is imperforate, but open at the top and as the piston moves relatively to the cylinder is adapted to reciprocate within the sleeve member 135, which sleeve member surrounds the piston rod and is provided wi th a series of longitudinal openings 136 therethrough. Surrounding sleeve 135 is a second sleeve 137 likewise perforated by a series of longitudinal openings 138 and sleeve 137 is provided with annular shoulders 139, 1 10 adapted to be engaged by surfaces 1&1, 1 12, respectively, on heads 109 and 110 whereby to tightly clamp the same in posi: tion. A suitable gland 1413 is threadedly engaged with the lower end of sleeve 137 and coacts with means later described to compress a packing 14A to prevent leakage of air longitudinally of the exterior of piston rod 132. It will be noted that sleeve 135 projects beyond the top of sleeve 137 and that it is threaded upon its outer periphery at 1&5. A suitable internally threaded closure member 146 cooperates with the tube in a manner hereinaftter described and member 1 16 is provided upon its outer periphery with a thread 1 17 which is formed in the opposite direction to that upon its inner periphery and engages with a thread 148 in head member 110. It

will be noted from the structure so far described that as member 146 is rotated in one direction, say such a direction as to cause it to screw downward, it causes a downward motion of sleeve 135 at a rate equal to the sum of the pitches of the threads 145,147 and that a reverse rotation of member 1 16 will produce an opposite effect. A chamber 150 is formed below the lower limit of member 1 16 and in this chamber is disposed an annular collar member 151 which collar member is split at one side as at 152, see Figs. 8, 9 and 10, and secured against rotation relative to sleeve 135 by a pin and slot connection diametrically opposite the split. Member 151 is provided with sockets cut away as at 154 on opposite sides of the split therein, in which socket bolts 155 supported in the head member 110 act, these bolts being adjustable to tighten or loosen collar 151, or to rotate the same and sleeve 135 bodily, and being adapted to be locked by means of locking nuts 156. Member 1 16 is provided with an annular downwardly opening groove in its cylindrical portion in which groove a relatively strong spring 158 is seated.

It will be noted that by shifting sleeves 135, 137 angularly relative to each other, the area open for the passage of air through the longitudinally extendingports 136, 138 may be diminished or increased. It will also be noted that the pin connects collar member 151 with sleeve 135 so that by screwing in upon one of the screws 155, and backing elf upon the opposite one, it is possible to shift the relative position of sleeve 135 relative to sleeve 137. It will be noted that it is possible by screwing down member 146 to cause downward movement of sleeve 135 and accordingly the compression of packing 144: which lies between sleeve 137, piston rod 132, gland 1423, and the lower end of sleeve 135. It will be noted that it is possible by backing oil upon one of the screws 155 and tightening upon the other to increase or decrease the communieating areas of passages 136,138 and that when these have been adjusted it is possible to clamp the parts in adjusted position by tightening up upon the bolts 155 as may be necessary to cause the collar to tightly grip sleeve135, the reverse threads locking the parts againstmovement when the sleeve is held. Spring 158 tends to prevent loosening of any of the parts by vibration.

It will thus be observed that the area through which fluid may be discharged from the chamber in the upper cylinder head may be regulated and that the pressure and the rate of discharge from the chamber through the hollow piston rod may be controlled. The piston rod at its lower end is surrounded by a sleeve 160 provided with a longitudinally extending groove in the form of a spiral of very slightpitch. This groove is designated 161 and cooperates with a ratchet ring 162 forming a part of ratchet mechanism con trolled by pawls 163 mounted on lower casing 70 of the sliding frame. It will be understood that sleeve 160 and the piston rod are rigidly connected together and therefore that piston 130 will be rotated within the cylinder at a gradual rate during the operation of the parts. Suitable means as 165 and herein comprising a split collar controlled by a bolt 166 are provided for the purpose of connecting a drilling tool 133, previously mentioned, to sleeve 160. It will be understood that drilling tool 133 comprises a perforated cutter head 168 and a tube 169 on which it is rigidly mounted, the tube 169 being hollow as at 17 0 for the transmission of the air therethrough to the cutter or bit, and it will be noted that the length of tube 169 may be increased in any desired and well-known manner by the addition of extra sections. When it is necessary to increase the length of the tube connecting drill 133 and the piston, the drilling mechanism as a whole may be dis connected from the tube by releasing bolt 166 and the frame run'forward a few inches so as to clear the top of tube 169. A suitable extension section may be then fastened to the top of tube 169, and drum 42 having been operated to raise-the frame comprising the parts 69, 70, 71 to the top of the standard, a connection may then be made, after moving backward the whole drilling mechanism until it again occupies a positionvwith the piston rod coaxial with the drilling tool, between members'169 and 165, and the drilling continued.

VJhen the hole is completed, the drill may be detached, the machine run forward, and the drill lifted out by hand, or if the hole is so deep as to render this excessively diflicult, a suitable hoisting drum may be mounted on the frame to be driven from the engine, and connected with the aid of a suit-able sheave at the top of the standard to the tube of the drill, a clamp being used to hold the drill while portions are disconnected. The drum 42 may also be used. v

/Vhile I have in this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in other forms with out departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: I

1. In a drilling mechanism, a double acting pump comprising relatively movable elements, means for reciprocating one of said elements, a hollow drill steel connected to and movable with the other of said elements and actuated by said means through said pump, and means for conducting pressure fluid generated by said pump to said hollow steel.

2. In a drilling mechanism, a hollow drill steel, a plurality of cooperating relatively movable elements adapted to generate a fluid pressure, said steel being secured to one of said elements and adapted to be reciprocated by the fluid generated by said elements, and means for supplying said generated fluid through one of said elements to said steel.

3. A fluid operated mechanism comprising a member, movable means operatively connected to said member and movable relative thereto and adapted to generate a fluid pres sure to actuate said member, and a storage chamber carried by said movable means and into which the fluid pressure generated by said movable means is discharged.

4-. A fluid operated mechanism comprising a hollow member, means operatively connected thereto adapted to generate fluid pressure for actuating said member, and means extending axially through said. generating means for supplying pressure fluid to said member and therefrom to the atmosphere.

5. A fluid compressing mechanism comprising a hollow member, means operatively connected thereto adapted to erate pressure fluid said in bar, means ports communicating with said chamber,

valves controlling said ports in such a manner that relative movement between the cylinderand piston forces compressed fluid into said chamber and means for admitting cleaning fluid from said chamber tov said hollow drill steel.

7. In a drilling mechanism, means for compressing fluiol for hole cleansing purposes comprising a reciprocating cylinder, a floating piston therein, a hollow drill steel con-- nected to said piston, said cylinder being provided with discharge ports in the walls thereof and valves controlling said ports, a chamber fixed to said cylinder and communicating with said ports to receive compressed fluid therefrom, and means for conducting fluid from said chamber to said hollow drill steel.

8. A drilling mechanism comprising a positively reciprocable cylinder having inner and outer casings having a space therebetween, a piston reciprocable within the inner one of said casings to generate fluid pres sure, ports allowing communication between the interior of the inner casing and the space between said casings, a receiver communicat-ing with said space and disposed within s; id inner casing, and valves controlling said ports to allow a relatively constant pressure to be maintained within said space.

9. A drilling mechanism comprising a hollow member through which fluid is adapted to be conducted, means operatively connected thereto adapted to generate a fluid pressure to actuate the same, said means comprising a plurality of relatively movable members one of which is positively actuated, a storage chamber carried thereby to receive the generated fluid pressure, and means for conducting the fluid pressure generated from said storage chamber to said hollow member.

10. A drilling mechanism comprising a hollow member through which fluid is adapted to be conducted, means for generating a pressure fluid comprising relatively movable members one of which is positively connected to said hollow member, and the other of which is positively actuated, and means tor s upply ing a flow of pressure fluid to said hollow member comprising another ll: .ow' member extending axially of and movable relative to said positively actuated member.

11. In a drilling mechanism, means for compressing fluid for cleansing purposes comprising a movable cylinder, a piston cooperating therewith, a hollow drill steel. connected to said piston, one end of said cylinder having a pair of spaced cylinder heads forming a chamber therebetween, valve controlled discharge ports .in the walls of said cylinder, means for establishing communication between said ports and said chamber so to conduct fluid compressed in said cylinder to said chamber, and means for adn'iitting fluid from said chamber to said drill steel for cleansing the hole.

12. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for actuating the same comprising cylinders and piston members, means for positively reciprocating one of said members, means whereby the other member is adapted to impart an actuating force to the drill steel, said cylinder having means for admitting low pressure fluid to said cylinder and for compressing the same during reciprocation of one of said members, and means for discharging the generated pressure trom said cylinder after the fluid therein has been compressed to a predetermined degree.

13- In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for actuating the same comprising cylinder and piston members, means for positively reciprocating one of said members,

means whereby the other member is adapted to impart an actuating force to the drill steel,

said cylinder having fluid pressure generated therein during reciprocation of one of said members, and means for conducting a generated pressure in said cylinder substantially axially through the same to a point of use.

14. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for actuating the same comprising cylinder and piston members, means for positively reciprocating one of said members, means whereby the other member is adapted to impart an actuatingforce to the drill steel, said cylinder having fluid pressure generated therein during reciprocation of one of said members, and a storage chamber carried by said cylinder adapted to be charged by the fluid pressure generated in said cylinder.

15. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for actuating the same comprising cylinder and piston members, means for positively reciprocating one of said members, means whereby the other member is adapted to impart an actuating force to the drill steel, said cylinder having fluid pressure generated therein during reciprocation of one of said members, a storage chamber carried by said cylinder adapted to be charged by the fluid pressure generated in said cylinder, and means for conducting fluid from said chamher through said cylinder to the drill steel.

16. In a drilling mechanism, a hollow drill and piston air may be drawn into the cylinder and discharged respectively, and means whereby the discharged air may be conducted to the drilled hole.

18. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for reciprocating the same including a relatively reciprocable cylinder and piston, one of said elements being secured to said steel and the other positively reciprocated, means associated with said cylinder whereby upon alternate relative movements of said cylinder and piston air may be drawn in and discharged respectively, means whereby the discharged air may be conducted to the drilled hole, and means for variably controlling the rate of discharge of said airto govern the amplitude of the relative movement between the cylinder and piston.

19. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, means for reciprocating the same including a relatively reciprocable cylinder and piston, one of said elements being secured to said steel and the other positively reciprocated, means associated with said cylinder and ineluding valve controlled ports in the ends thereof whereby upon alternate relative movements of said cylinder and piston air may be drawn into the opposite ends of said cylinder, means including valve controlled ports in the sides of said cylinder whereby air so drawn in may be discharged from said cylinder, and means for conducting the air so discharged to the drilled hole.

20. In a drilling mechanism, a hollow drill steel, means for reciprocating the same comprising a cylinder and piston, one of said members being positively reciprocated and the other adapted to impart an actuating force to the drill, means whereby fluid pre sure is generated in said cylinder, means for supplying fluid pressure from said cylinder through said piston to said steel, and means for rotating said steel.

21. A drilling mechanism including, in combination, a tool, relatively reciprocable cylinder and piston elements one positively reciprocated by power and the other con-i nected to said tool to move the same, and means for supplying a blast of cleansing fluid including means for admitting air to the ing volume and for dischargin 'the same during the periods when the volume cl said chambers is diminishing, and conducting means leading to said tool.

22. A drilling mechanism comprising a standard having guideways, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising separate upper and lower heads and spacing rods connecting the same, said heads being slidably mounted in said guideways, and tool actuating means disposed between said heads and rods and slidably guided on said frame with which it is bodily movable.

A drilling mechanism comprising a standard, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising upper and lower heads, spacing rods connecting the same, tool actuating means including a reciprocating cylinder dis posed between said heads and rods and slid ably guided on said frame, and means for reciprocating the same comprising a crank shaft and a connecting rod also carried by said frame and movable therewith as a unit.

24-. A drilling mechanism comprising a standard, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising upper and lower heads having a lixed relative relation, tool. actuating means including a cylinder reciprocable between. said heads, means for reciprocating the same comprising a crank shaft and connecting rod carried by said upper head, a piston disposed in said cylinder adapted to be actuated thereby, a work performing element connected to said piston, and means for rotating the same.

25. A drilling mechanism comprising a standard, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising upper and lower heads having a fixed relative relation, tool actuating means includin a cylinder reciprocable between said beans, means for reciprocating the same comprising a cranl: shaft and connecting rod carried by said upper head, a piston disposed in said cylinder adapted to be actuated thereby, a drilling element connected to said piston, and means carried by the lower head for rotating said erillin element.

26. fluid operated mechanism comprising a pluralty of relatively movable cylinder and piston members adapted upon actuation of one of said members to generate a fluid pressure including means wliereby said generated liuid may be utilized for performing a plurality ot separate functions including the actuation of said other member and to supply flow of fluid under pressure through said piston member.

27. lira drilling mechanism, a standard, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising spaced upper and lower heads, a plurality of relatively movable members reeiprocable between said heads, and means for supporting opposite ends of said members in said chambers at opposite sides of said piston element durlng their periods of lncreasheads while the adjacent ends thereof support each other.

28. In a drilling mechanism, a standard, a frame slidably guided thereby comprising spaced upper and lower heads, relatively movable members between said heads, means for supporting one of said members including guideways formed on one of said heads, and a cooperating crosshead carried by said supported member, and a crank shaft and connecting rod for actuating said crosshead.

29. In a drilling mechanism, a hollow drill steel, movable cylinder and piston elements adapted to generate a fluid pressure, said piston element being reciprocable within said cylinder element and having said drill steel rigidly secured thereto, said piston being adapted to be reciproeated by the fluid generated by said elements, and means for supplying said generated fluid through said piston element to said drill steel.

30. A drilling mechanism comprising a hollow drill steel, means operatively con nected thereto including relatively movable reciprocable cylinder and piston elements adapted to generate fluid pressure for actuating said drill steel, and means for supplyingfluid pressure from said cylinder through said piston to said hollow drill steel.

31. A drilling mechanism comprising a hollow drill steel, means .operatively conneeted thereto including relatively movable reeiprocable cylinder and piston elements adapted to generate fluid pressure upon actuation of the same, said drill steel being rigidly secured to one of said elements, means iorsupplying fluid pressure from one of said elements through said other element to said hollow drill steel, and means for controlling the flow of fluid thereto.

32. A drilling mechanism comprising a hollow drill steel, a reciprocating cylinder having inner and outer substantially cylin drical casings forming a substantially annular chamber therebetween, a piston reciprocable within the innerone oil said casings and cooperating therewith to generate fluid pressure, said drillsteel being actuated directly by said piston, valve controlled ports allowing communication betweenthe inner. casing and the annular chamber between said casings, and means for conducting the fluid from Within said annular chamber to the hollow drill steel.

A drilling mechanism comprising a drill steel, a reciprocating cylinder having inner and outer substantially cylindrical casings adapted to term a substantially annular chamber therebetween, a piston reciprocable within the inner one of said casings and cooperating therewith to generate fluid pressure, said drill steel being actuated directly by said piston, ports allowing communication between the inner casing and the annular chamber between said casings, a valve for controlling said ports to allow fluid flow in only one direction from said inner casing, and means for conducting the fluid from the annular chamber between said casings to the hollow drill steel.

34:. A fluid compressing mechanism comprising a reciprocating cylinder having inner and outer substantially cylindrical casings forming a substantially annular chamber therebetween, a piston reciprocable within the inner one of said casings and cooperating therewith to generate fluid pressure, valve controlled ports allowing communication between the inner casing and the annular chamber bet-ween said casings, valve controlled ports for controlling the supply of fluid at atmospheric pressure to the ends of said inner casing, and means for controlling the flow of fluid under pressure from the annular chamber between said casings t0 the atmosphere.

' 35. A drilling mechanism comprising a portable base, a driving engine carried thereby, a standard on said base, a frame slidably guided in said standard, drill steel reciprocating and cleansing means carried by said sliding frame, mechanism driven by said engine for feeding said sliding frame and drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism upwardly and downwardly in said standard, and mechanism driven by said engine for driving said drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism.

36. A drilling mechanism comprising a portable base, a driving engine carried thereby, a standard on said base, a frame slidably guided in said standard, drill steel reciprocating and cleansing means carried by said sliding frame, mechanism driven by said engine for feeding said sliding frame and drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism upwardly and downwardly in said standard, and mechanism driven by said engine for driving said drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism, the driving connections between said engine and said drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism being operative irrespective of the position which the drill steel reciprocating and cleansing mechanism assumes in said standard.

37. In a drilling mechanism, a hollow drill steel, fluid pressure generating means for reciprocating .aid steel, and means for conducting the fluid generated thereby through said generating means to said steel.

88. A drilling mechanism comprising a guiding frame, a frame slidably guided thereon comprising spaced upper and lower heads and rods for spacing said heads, drill bit actuating means carried by said sliding frame comprising relatively movable cylinder and piston elements rcciprocable between said heads, means for reciprocating said elements including a crank shaft journaled in said upper head and a connecting rod connecting said crank shaft with said cylinder element, and drill rod guiding means carried by said lower head.

In testimony whereof-I afiiX my signature.

HENRY H. MERCER.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,731,471. Granted October 15, 1929, to

HENRY H. MERCER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 62, strike out the comma and the word wheels" and insert a period and the word "Wheels"; page 2, line 17, for the Word "cooperat-" read "cooperating"; page 3, line 21, for the word "an" read "and"; page 4, line 34, for the misspelled word "hereinaftter" read "hereinafter"; and line 56, for "socket" read "sockets";

page 5, line 84, claim 6, after the word "chamber" insert a comma; and that thesaid Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed and sealed this 3rd day of December, A. D. 1929.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents 

